EAN –European Article Numbering
EAN is a Barcode Symbology used for products that are manufactured or sold outside the United States. The country origin is an integral part of the EAN specification. EAN13 is used to encode 13 characters. The first two characters are numbers that identify the country of origin, the next 10 characters are data characters, and the last character is the checksum character. EAN8 is a shorter and smaller bar code used for non-United States applications. It is composed of two country code numbers, five numeric data characters, and a checksum number. The checksum number is automatically generated, making the input string a total of seven numbers for the standard EAN8.
EAN International was the international version of the Uniform Code Council (UCC). They issued EAN numbers to retailers trading items on the international market.
EAN International and UCC are now GS1.
The
EAN/
UCC-14, also called
SCC-14, DUN-14 or U.P.C. Shipping Container Code, is a 14-digit number assigned to fixed content shipping containers. EAN/UCC14 can have two
Barcode representations. The most widely used representation is
UCC/EAN-128 format, with the
Application Identifier(AI) 01. The
ITF-14, which is based on Interleaved
2 of 5, is sometimes used.
EAP -Extensible Authentication Protocol
EAP-TLS -Extensible Authentication Protocol-Transport Layer Security
EAP-
TLS is a joining of EAP and TLS to provide authentication between an
Authentication Server, and a
Client as per
802.1x. When a client requests access, the response from the authentication
Server is a server certificate. The client has a certificate, signed byan in-house or third-party certificate authority, that has been preconfigured by the network administrator. The client will reply to the authentication server's challenge with its own certificate, rather than with a password. Using its digital certificate, the client also validates the server certificate. Based off the certificate values, the EAP-TLS algorithm can derive dynamic
WEP keys, and the authentication server will send the client the WEP key for use during that session. The primary difference between EAP-TLS and
LEAP, is that EAP-TLS uses digital certificates to authenticate rather than username/password.
E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web. In practice, this term and a newer term, e-business, are often used interchangeably. For online retail selling, the term e-tailingis sometimes used.
EEPROM –Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM pronounced double-ee-prom or e-e-prom, is user-modifiable read-only memory (
ROM) that can be erased and reprogrammed (written to) repeatedly through the application of higher than normal electrical voltage. Unlike
EPROM chips, EEPROMs do not need to be removed from the computer to be modified. However, an EEPROM chip has to be erased and reprogrammed in its entirety, not selectively. It also has a limited life -that is, the number of times it can be reprogrammed is limited to tens or hundreds of thousands of times. In an EEPROM that is frequently reprogrammed while the computer is in use, the life of the EEPROM can be an important design consideration. A special form of EEPROM is
Flash memory, which uses normal PC voltages for erasure and reprogramming.
EIRP –Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
EIRP defines the output power achieved by a combination of radio output power, various connectors,
Antenna cable lengths, and a high gain antenna (in relation to an
Isotropic Antenna). Every three dB of antenna gain is a doubling of power. For example, a
Cisco 802.11b access point set to its maximum output power of 100mw with a 6dBi omni
Directional Antenna would yield a maximum EIRP of 400mw. FCC Rules, Part 15.247 stipulate that for
900MHz, 2.4GHz and 5GHz radios with an omni directional antenna, the maximum EIRP is 1W (1000mw). For directional antennas, higher than 6dBi gain, used in fixed point to point systems, the maximum EIRP is 4W. Part 15.204 defines the use of amplifiers. Legal 100mw AP with 9dBi Omni = 800mw100mw AP with 250mw amp & 6Bi Omni = 1W32mw AP with 12dBi Omni = 512mw32mw AP with 250mw amp & 6dBi Omni = 1W Illegal 100mw AP with 12dBi Omni = 1.6W100mw AP with 250mw amp & 9Bi Omni = 2W32mw AP with 250mw amp & 12dBi Omni = 4W32mw AP with 500mw amp & 6dBi Omni = 2W Access Points with Omni Directional Antennas (not accounting for attenuation from connectors, long cables, lighting arrestors, etc.)
EMI –Electro Magnetic Interference
EMI is the disruption of operation of an electronic device when it is in the vicinity of an electromagnetic field in the radio
Frequency (
RF) spectrum that is caused by another electronic device. The internal circuits of personal computers and heavy machinery can generate EM fields in the RF range over a wide band of frequencies. These emissions can interfere with the performance of sensitive
Wireless receivers nearby.
After a product has been on the market for a significant period of time, usually four years or more, the manufacturer will designate the product as end of life and will no longer be sold. This can happen because there is no demand for the product or because parts to build the product can no longer be sourced, or because a product that supersedes it is available.
Usually, the manufacturer will still provide support and service on the product for a few months after EOL. Eventually though, the product will be designated End Of Service and End Of Support.
EPC –Electronic Product Code
The EPC is a code used in
RFID tags. It is a number made up of a header and three sets of data, as shown in the figure below. The header identifies the EPC's version number -this allows for different lengths or types of EPC later on. The second part of the number identifies the EPC Manager -most likely the manufacturer of the product the EPC is attached to -for example 'The Coca-Cola Company'. The third, called object class, refers to the exact type of product, most often the Stock Keeping Unit (
SKU) - for example 'Diet Coke 330 ml can, US version'. The fourth is the serial number, unique to the item -this tells us exactly which 330 ml can of Diet Coke we are referring to. This makes it possible, for example, to quickly find products that might be nearing their expiration date.
EPCglobalInc™establishes and supports the EPCglobalNetwork™as the global standard for
Real-Time, automatic identification of information in the
Supply Chain of any company, anywhere in the world.
A joint venture between
GS1 (formerly know as
EAN International) and GS1 US™(formerly the Uniform Code Council, Inc.®), EPCglobal is a neutral, consensus-based, not-for-profit standards organization.
Paramount to their existence, EPCglobal leads the development of standards for the Electronic Product Code™ (
EPC) to support the use of Radio
Frequency Identification (
RFID), among them, the EPC
UHF Gen2 standard.
EPROM –Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EPROM is programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM) that can be erased and re-used. Erasure is caused by shining an intense ultraviolet light through a window that is designed into the memory chip. (Although ordinary room lighting does not contain enough ultraviolet light to cause erasure, bright sunlight can cause erasure. For this reason, the window is usually covered with a label when not installed in the computer.) A different approach to a modifiable ROM is electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM).
ERP –Enterprise Resource Planning
ERP is an industry term for the broad set of activities supported by multi-module application software that helps a manufacturer or other business manage the important parts of its business, including product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventories, interacting with its
Supply Chain, providing customer service, and tracking orders. ERP can also include application modules for the finance and human resources aspects of a business. Typically, an ERP system uses or is integrated with a relational database system. The deployment of an ERP system can involve considerable business process analysis, employee retraining, and new work procedures. In a recent trend,
SAP,
Peoplesoft, and J. D. Edwards are among ERP product providers offering ERP outsourcing.
ESD –Electro Static Discharge
Electrostatic discharge is the release of static electricity when two objects come into contact. Familiar examples of ESD include the shock we receive when we walk across a carpet and touch a metal doorknob and the static electricity we feel after drying clothes in a clothes dryer. A more extreme example of ESD is a lightening bolt. While most ESD events are harmless, it can be an expensive problem in many industrial and manufacturing environments.
If not properly grounded, ESD can cause serious damage to electronic equipment.
ESSID – Extended Service Set ID
A Service Set Identifier (
SSID) is a sequence of characters that uniquely names a
Wireless Local Area Network (
WLAN). This name allows stations to connect to the desired network when multiple independent networks operate in the same physical area. Each set of wireless devices communicating directly with each other is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). Several BSS scan be joined together to form one logical WLAN segment, referred to asan extended service set (ESS). A Service Set Identifier (SSID) is simply the 1-32
Byte alphanumeric name given to each ESS.
The ESSID is one of the primary configuration parameters in
Access Points and wireless
Client devices.
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (
LAN) technology. Specified in the
802.3 standard from the
IEEE, Ethernet was originally developed by Xerox and then developed further by Xerox,
DEC, and Intel. An Ethernet LAN typically uses coaxial cable or special grades of twisted pairwires. Ethernet is also used in wireless LANs. The most commonly installed Ethernet systems are called 10BASE-Tand
100BASE-T and provide transmission speeds up to 10Mbps.
Devices are connected to the cable and compete for access using a
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (
CSMA/CD) media access method. Fast Ethernet or 100BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 100Mbps and is typically used for LAN
Backbone systems, supporting workstations with
10BASE-T network interface cards (
NIC). Gigabit Ethernet provides an even higher level of backbone support at 1000Mbps (1Gbps or 1 billion
Bits per second). 10-Gigabit Ethernet provides speeds up to 10 billion bits per second.
From
Intermec, the EX25 near/far imager engine captures images, reads 1D and 2D
Symbologies from six inches to 50 feet away in any orientation (
Omni-directional Scanning).
Compact, ultra fast and rugged, and with auto-focus.